The former player: 'I wanted to continue playing'
Important note: This article contains details of racially offensive comments and behaviour
Ex-England centre Luther Burrell claims that speaking out to reveal racism in rugby union brought his career to an early conclusion.
In a June 2022, Burrell characterized racism as being "widespread" in the sport, showing Whatsapp messages and recalling training ground "comments" he had been exposed to while playing for Newcastle.
At that time 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been three appearances with guest team the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to end my career because of what went on," he told media outlets.
"I hoped to carry on competing, naturally I did. I sought that, and it collapsed when news emerged that there were investigations going on.
"This situation was challenging - I had to just come to terms with the outcome and understand that this entire process is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization investigation in April 2023 found Burrell's allegations were accurate "likely correct", but said it could not gather enough proof to categorically say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's international games in 2014-15, but was surprisingly excluded for their squad for the 2015 tournament
Burrell told media he also faced prejudice within the England team environment, during a Test career that saw him earn 15 caps after his debut in 2014.
"I have had several distressing experiences within England camp," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been disguised as banter and that's been the issue that I've personally suffered and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"During a extended period you just learn to think that it's the norm and that is acceptable and that it's not harmful, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was eventually motivated to speak out after a team-mate at Newcastle called him as a "slave" and told him to put sunscreen on his wrists and ankles "where chains would be placed."
The rugby authority said Burrell's revelations had led to "a deeper look at the culture within the elite game and to the introduction of an action plan for the elite level."
"We has given significant focus on inclusion and diversity in rugby union and a great deal of work undertaken both before and since Luther Burrell came forward and revealed his experiences of racism and classism," it continued.
"We are continuing work with teams and partners in the professional game to work for a environment of inclusivity but recognize this requires patience and is an continuous effort."
Every Premiership and PWR club now has face-to-face education on creating welcoming environments, with its effectiveness monitored via specific documentation and feedback.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "engaged observers" to intervene and defend others from harmful conduct.
"You should be so proud of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film about his experiences.
"We know it has had this effect on you and ended your playing days, but in our eyes, you have achieved so well. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's father Geoff passed away soon after the production of the film, and his sister died earlier this year.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in Huddersfield, maintains his work to make the sport more open.
His 12 Foundation aims to connect with children in under-served communities and support them thrive on and off the field with complimentary sports training, guidance and dietary education.
"My personal motivations are pure, I want to see the evolution of the game and if others is willing to tell their experience then I'll persist to fight that cause because I'm not just doing this for my own benefit," he explained.
"Everyone involved have an responsibility to make the game as excellent as it can be and the longer I speak about it hopefully the more confident others will feel about discussing their own stories as well.
"I need to take the challenge by the horns and continue bearing this flag and continue carrying this responsibility and do what I can to create opportunities and make the sport more appealing and more welcoming.
"There's a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of poverty and I sincerely believe that the sport has the potential to change their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to former club Northampton in November 2022